Revolutionizing a world : from small states to universalism in the Pre-Islamic Near East / Mark Altaweel and Andrea Squitieri. London : UCL Press, 2018
Inhalt
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Table of contents
List of figures and Tables
1 Introduction
1.1 Why this book?
1.2 Central argument: universalism and its social foundations
1.3 Universalism and ancient globalization
1.4 Structure of presentation
2 Historical overview
2.1 From the Early Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age
2.1.1 Early Bronze Age (3000–2000 BCE)
2.1.2 Middle Bronze Age (2000–1600 BCE)
2.1.3 Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age (1600–1050 BCE)
2.1.4 The Early Iron Age (1050–800 BCE)
2.2 The Neo-Assyrian Empire (c. 800–612 BCE)
2.3 Neo-Babylonians, Medes and others (626–550 BCE)
2.4 The Achaemenid Empire (559–330 BCE)
2.5 The Seleucid Empire and its contemporaries (312–64 BCE)
2.6 The Parthians and the Romans
2.7 The Sasanian Empire and its contemporaries
2.8 Towards cohesion
Notes
3 Methods of analysis
3.1 Archaeological surveys and measuring settlement structures
3.1.1 Methodology: quantitative and qualitative interpretation
3.1.2 Methodology: measuring settlement interaction
3.1.2.2 Spatial interaction entropy maximization details
3.2 Material culture and measuring cultural change
3.3 Other measures
4 Settlement patterns and spatial interaction modelling
4.1 Case study: Southern Mesopotamia
4.2 Case study: the Khabur Triangle
4.3 Case study: southwest Iran
4.4 Case study: Central Anatolia
4.5 Case study: western Syria, southern Anatolia and the Northern Levant
4.6 Case study: the Southern Levant
4.7 Summary
5 The changing nature of cities and other settlements
5.1 Large pre-AoE cities
5.1.1 Uruk
5.1.2 Ur
5.1.3 Ebla
5.1.4 Mari
5.1.5 Dur-Untash
5.1.6 Hattusha
5.1.7 Hazor and Southern Levant cities
5.1.8 Amarna
5.2 AoE cities
5.2.1 Kalhu, Dur-Sharrukin and Nineveh
5.2.2 Babylon
5.2.3 Persepolis
5.2.4 Ctesiphon
5.2.5 Antioch
5.2.6 Alexandria
5.2.7 Dura Europos
5.3 Spaces in between: the ruralization of the countryside
5.4 Conclusion
6 Long-distance trade and economy before and during the age of empires
6.1 Long-distance trade in the pre-AoE
6.2 Long-distance trade during the AoE
6.3 Private corporations during the AoE
6.4 Merchant colonies
6.5 Speed of travel
6.6 Conclusion: the factors that distinguish pre-AoE and AoE trade
7 Material culture hybridization
7.1 Background
7.2 Material culture hybridization in the pre-AoE
7.3 Material culture hybridization during the AoE
7.4 Conclusions
8 The development of universal governments
8.1 Pre-AoE governing
8.2 Governing in the AoE
8.2.1 Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian governing
8.2.2 Achaemenid governing
8.2.3 Hellenistic states
8.2.4 Parthian governing
8.2.5 Sasanian governing
8.2.6 Rome and the Byzantine Empire
8.4 Conclusion
9 The spread of common languages
10 The rise of shared and universal religions
11 Characteristics of universalism
11.1 Chapter discussions: from pre-AoE to AoE
11.2 Movement and reflected changes in the AoE
11.3 Facilitators and reflections of movement
11.4 Universalism as theory
11.5 Complex systems theory: why large states continued in the Near East
12 The impact of universalism
12.1 Later evidence of universalism
12.2 Impacts of universalism
12.3 Could today’s Middle East reflect the reversal of universalism?
Note
Appendix
References
Index
BackCover