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Can production and trafficking of illicit drugs be reduced or merely shifted?
CAN PRODUCTION AND TRAFFICKING OF ILLICIT DRUGS BE REDUCED OR MERELY SHIFTED?
TRAFFICKING COUNTRIES
CAN PRODUCTION AND TRAFFICKING OF ILLICIT DRUGS BE REDUCED OR MERELY SHIFTED?
1. ILLICIT DRUG TRENDS AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
CONSUMING COUNTRIES
Table 1: Annual Prevalence Estimates of Opiate Abuse, 2000-2001
Table 2: Annual Prevalence Estimates of Cocaine Abuse, 2000-2001
PRODUCING COUNTRIES
TRAFFICKING COUNTRIES
Table 5: Highest Ranking Countries for Seizures of Cocaine and Opiates in 2004(by Percent of World Total)
2. POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS FOR THE PATTERN OF NATIONAL INVOLVEMENT IN THE DRUG TRADE
Structure of the International Drug Industry
Table 6: Prices of Cocaine and Heroin Through the Distribution System in 2000(per pure kilogram equivalent)
3. SUPPLY SIDE CONTROLS TARGETED AT PRODUCING AND TRAFFICKING NATIONS
Production and Refining Controls
Eradication
Alternative development
In-Country Enforcement
The United States has also invested in building institutional capacity to deal with the drug trade in major producer countries. Each year the State Department’s International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) argues that the central problem of drug control in other countries is political will and integrity. Training investigators, strengthening the judiciary, and improving extradition procedures are the stuff of efforts to deal with this issue. Unfortunately, in both Colombia and Mexico the corr
Trafficking and Smuggling Controls
Table 7 World Trade of Selected Agricultural and Industrial Commoditiesfor 1999 (in billions of current U.S. dollars)
I can offer no good account for the high margins charged by drug smugglers in so many settings. The data on risks (seizure, incarceration) and prices (the difference between import and export prices) are not nearly precise enough to allow formal empirical modeling. The apparent lack of response to increased interdiction severity also remains a puzzle.
4. NON-TRADITIONAL DRUG CONTROL METHODS
De Facto Legalization of Production or Trafficking
Buying Up the Crop
Strategic Location
5. CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS
REFERENCES
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Can production and trafficking of illicit drugs be reduced or merely shifted? / Peter Reuter
Place and Date of Creation
Washington, DC
Mar. 2008
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